在激烈的市场竞争中, 如何降低成本以及保证产品的新鲜度对于销售易腐性产品的零售商来说具有至关重要的意义.企业间通过实施联合采购可以降低采购成本, 增加与供应商的谈判议价能力, 因此联合采购受到越来越多的企业以及学者的关注.考虑了在非瞬时补货情况下多零售商向同一供应商联合采购某种易腐品的订货决策及费用分配问题. 以易腐品联合采购过程中产生的订货费用作为分配的对象, 应用合作博弈理论, 将非瞬时补货情况下易腐品联合采购的费用分配问题构造成易腐品的联合采购博弈, 证明了该博弈的核心非空且为子模博弈, 并给出了核心中的一个分配方案, 同时还讨论了补货速率对零售商分担的订货费用的影响. 论文最后对几种典型的比例分配解的效率进行了模拟分析.

It is important for the retailer to reduce the operating cost and to keep the freshness of the product in the supply chain with perishable products under the fierce market competition. By means of placing their ordering simultaneously, the firms can reduce their cost and strengthen negotiation abilities to their supplier, hence it has received tremendous attention from enterprises and scholars.  This paper studies the joint replenishment problem and cost allocation problem for multi-retailers when   they form a purchasing alliance in the EPQ framework. The cost allocation problem   for the ordering setup cost is considered, and formulated as the cost allocation game with perishable products.   It is proved that the cost allocation game is submodular, and its core is nonempty, then an allocation rule is   defined and proved to be a core allocation. We also discuss the effect of the replenishment rate on the  allocation rule. Finally, the efficiency of several proportional rules is studied by simulation.