在非参数共同前沿框架下, 采用Super-SBM模型测算了APEC地区17个成员1990--2012年间的能源效率, 深入分析了APEC地区不同群组间能源利用技术的差距, 并以动态视角从技术进步、纯技术效率、规模效率等方面挖掘能源利用技术差异的根源, 探寻能源效率差距扩大的原因. 研究结果发现, 发达国家和新兴东亚经济体在共同前沿和群组前沿下的能源效率没有差异, 发展中国家在两种前沿下的能源效率有显著差异: 发展中国家与潜在的最优技术水平的差距有扩大的趋势; 发达国家和东亚新兴经济体的能源效率起点较高, 且提升速度较快, 而发展中国家的能源效率起点低, 提升速度较慢, 这可能是发展中国家与潜在最优技术之间差距扩大的主要原因. 各国家和地区可以从提升技术水平、提高管理水平和资源配置能力、调整生产规模等方面提升能源效率, 但不同国家和地区各有侧重.

In this paper under the non-parameter meta- frontier framework, Super-SBM model was used to measure the energy efficiency of APEC area 17 members during 1990--2012. Then it studied technology gaps between different groups. To explore the deep cause in technology gaps between APEC members, from dynamic perspective it analyzed technology progress, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of each members. It is found that for developed countries and East Asian emerging economies there were no differences in energy efficiency under meta-frontier and group-frontier, but there were significant differences for developing countries and regions under different frontiers. The technology gaps between developing countries and the potential optimal technology seemed to increase. The developed countries and the East Asian emerging economies had higher energy efficiency starting points, still they had faster improving speed, while developing countries had lower starting point, slower speed, so it was the main cause in the widening gaps. All countries and regions can enhance their energy efficiency from the way of promoting technology, improving the management level and the allocation of resources, adjusting the scale of production capacity and other aspects, but different countries and regions had different emphasis.