危险化学品因其固有的危险性, 容易引发事故, 且事故后果往往很严重, 对于危险化学品各个管理环节必须考虑其安全性. 文章针对危险化学品运输环节的车辆路径选择问题, 建立了同时考虑运输费用和运输安全风险的双目标优化模型. 不同于该类传统模型, 文章新引入了描述需求点访问次序的决策变量, 减少了传统模型的决策变量个数和约束条件的数量, 对传统模型进行了简化. 针对新模型的求解,文章提出了一种改进的粒子群算法, 将非支配解方法与种群杂交策略相结合来处理双目标问题, 在迭代过程中加入了局部搜索策略以增强算法效率. 数值实验说明改进的粒子群算法与传统的粒子群算法相比具有更优的搜索效率, 能更有效地求解新模型.

Serious accidents often occurred in hazardous chemicals industry due to its inherent dangerous. It is very important to pay attention to the safety management in whole process of hazardous chemical. This paper proposes a new bi-objective optimization model considering the risk and cost for the hazardous material vehicle routing problem. Different from the traditional VRP model, new decision variables are introduced to describe the access sequence of demand point. The new model reduces the number of decision variables and constraint conditions, which simplifies the traditional model. This paper also provides an improved particle swarm algorithm to solve the new model. In our algorithm, the non-dominated solution method combines with the hybrid strategy of population to deal with bi-objective problems. Local search strategy is added in the iterative process to enhance the efficiency of the algorithm. Numerical experiment shows that the improved algorithm has better search efficiency than the traditional particle swarm algorithm and can solve the new model effectively.