在ATIS与道路收费共同作用的交通网络中, 用户不仅在接受的交通信息上具有异质性, 同时在时间价值上也具有异 质性. 文章基于这两类异质性, 将用户分为安装ATIS并遵从信息、安装但不遵从、不安装的三类用户, 所有用户均按照随机用户均衡的方式进行择路. 文章构建了多用户随机均衡模型及其等价的变分不等式, 并以用户感知总成本作为系统性能指标, 分别建立了时间准则与费用准则下多用户随机社会最优模型. 当收费不作为总成本的一部分时, 研究了多用户均衡相对于随机社会最优的绝对效率损失问题. 研究结论表明, 无论采用何种度量准则, 绝对效率损失上界与路段特性函数、出行者的社会经济特性、道路收费以及两准则下多用户均衡与随机社会最优时系统实际总出行成本均有关.在ATIS与道路收费共同作用的交通网络中, 用户不仅在接受的交通信息上具有异质性, 同时在时间价值上也具有异 质性. 文章基于这两类异质性, 将用户分为安装ATIS并遵从信息、安装但不遵从、不安装的三类用户, 所有用户均按照随机用户均衡的方式进行择路. 文章构建了多用户随机均衡模型及其等价的变分不等式, 并以用户感知总成本作为系统性能指标, 分别建立了时间准则与费用准则下多用户随机社会最优模型. 当收费不作为总成本的一部分时, 研究了多用户均衡相对于随机社会最优的绝对效率损失问题. 研究结论表明, 无论采用何种度量准则, 绝对效率损失上界与路段特性函数、出行者的社会经济特性、道路收费以及两准则下多用户均衡与随机社会最优时系统实际总出行成本均有关.

Consider a traffic network under ATIS and road pricing, users are heterogeneous not only in terms of different traffic information received, but also in value of time (VOT). Based on the two heterogeneities, users are classified into different classes according to their VOT, and then into three groups: Users with ATIS and in compliance with ATIS advice, users with ATIS but without compliance with ATIS advice and users without ATIS. All of them are assumed to follow the stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). A multi-class mixed SUE model and its equivalent variational inequality (VI) are presented, and a multi-class stochastic social optimum (SSO) is established, if the total perceived travel cost is used as the system performance index. The absolute efficiency loss of the multi-class SUE against the SSO is investigated under the time-based and cost-based criterion, where the road pricing is not considered as part of the total system cost. The results show that the upper bound is related to the link cost functions, the road performance, the users' socio-economic characteristics, the road pricing and the total actual cost of the SUE and the SSO.