航空直飞与空铁联运模式竞争研究
Study on the Competition Between Air Transport and Air-Rail Cooperation Mode
空铁联运能够缓解机场拥堵问题,合理分配客流量,改善航空和高铁日趋激烈的竞争局面.文章基于航空与空铁联运二者运营者的视角,构建航空直飞与空铁联运两种出行方式竞争模型,在此基础上研究均衡解并分析影响均衡状态客流量的因素.研究表明,当两种出行方式的时长差越小,乘客对机场拥堵越敏感,高铁票价越低,乘客越偏向空铁联运.当乘客出行可获得的效用适中时,高铁票价存在一个明确的上界,若高铁票价低于这一上界,空铁联运项目可以正常运作,否则,若高铁票价高于这一上界,空铁联运项目无法正常运作.本研究可以为推进空铁联运项目提供理论依据.
Air-rail cooperation mode can alleviate airport congestion, redistribute passenger flow, and improve the fierce competition between airlines and high-speed rail. From the perspectives of the operators of airlines and air-rail cooperation mode, this paper formulates a model to study the competition between the air transport and air-rail cooperation mode, finds the equilibrium solutions and analyzes the factors affecting the equilibrium passenger flow. The results show that the travel time difference between two modes is the bigger, the more sensitive to the airport congestion, the price for a high-speed-rail ticket is the higher, the stronger is the passengers' preference to the air-rail cooperation mode. When the travel utility for a passenger is neither high or low, there is a clear upper bound for the price of the high-speed rail ticket. If the price of the high-speed rail ticket is lower than this upper bound, the air-rail cooperation mode can operate normally, otherwise it will fail. This study can provide theoretical basis for promoting the air-rail cooperation projects.
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