基于两阶段DEA (data envelopment analysis)模 型提出了两阶段DEA固定资源分配方法.首先利用 两阶段DEA模型计算各个决策单元之间的效率;然后考 虑各决策单元的运营模式,提出比例分摊模型,引入一系列 度量按有效分摊方案集与按比例分配方案分摊的成本之间的 差异的偏差变量,通过最小化偏差,得到唯一的固定资源分摊 方案集;最后利用Tobit模型探究外部影响因素对决策单元效率的影响.利用上述方法对中国 31 个省(自治区,直辖市)参加第十二届全运会的数据进行了分析.结果表明:在整 个两阶段全运会过程中,仅山东省和西藏自治区为DEA有效,且提高各地 区总效率的关键在于提高其AC阶段效率;从固定资源分配结果来看,大多 数地区第二阶段的体育资源分配值要高于第一阶段的体育资源分配值;从 影响因素来看,体育场地资源配置及体育类支出是影响效率的主要因素.最 后,文章为提高中国各省份的竞技体育效率提出了一些建议.

Based on the two-stage DEA model, this paper proposed a two-stage DEA fixed resource allocation method. First, the two-stage DEA model was used to calculate the efficiency between each decision-making units. Then considering the operation mode of each decision-making units, the proportional allocation model was proposed, and a series of deviation variables were introduced to measure the difference between the effective allocation scheme set and the cost apportionment of the proportional allocation scheme set. By minimizing the deviation, the unique fixed resource allocation scheme set was obtained. Finally, Tobit model was used to explore the influence of external factors on the efficiency of DMUs. The data of 31 provinces participating in the 12th National Games were analyzed by using the above methods. The results showed that: During the whole two-stage National Games, only Shandong province and Tibet Autonomous Region were effective, and the key to improve the overall efficiency of each region was to improve its AC efficiency. From the result of fixed resource allocation, the sports resource allocation value in the second stage was higher than that in the first stage in most regions. From the perspective of influencing factors, the allocation of sports venue resources and sports expenditure were the main factors affecting efficiency. Finally, this paper put forward some suggestions for improving the efficiency of competitive sports in various provinces of China.}